Tooth decay, also known as dental caries or cavities, is not just a childhood problem—it affects millions of adults worldwide. Contrary to popular belief, adults are often at higher risk due to lifestyle factors, aging, and accumulated dental issues. Understanding the causes and prevention strategies is essential for maintaining a healthy smile well into later years.

Why Tooth Decay Happens in Adults

The primary culprit behind tooth decay is plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that forms on teeth. These bacteria feed on sugars and starches from food and drinks, producing acids that attack tooth enamel. Over time, this erosion creates tiny holes, or cavities.

Several factors make adults particularly vulnerable:

 

• Dry Mouth: Common with aging or medications (e.g., antidepressants, antihistamines), reduced saliva flow leaves teeth less protected against acids.
• Receding Gums: As gums pull back, exposed tooth roots—lacking protective enamel—become highly susceptible to decay.
• Poor Dietary Habits: Frequent consumption of sugary snacks, sodas, or acidic foods like citrus and wine accelerates enamel breakdown.
• Inadequate Oral Hygiene: Skipping flossing or irregular brushing allows plaque to harden into tartar, promoting decay.
• Previous Dental Work: Old fillings or crowns can develop gaps over time, trapping food and bacteria.